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TK14551V
FM IF DETECTOR/AMPLIFIER FEATURES
s IF Input Frequency ~90 MHz (TYP) s Balanced Input (IF) s Includes Dual High Speed RSSI Outputs. One is for ASK demodulation, another one is for carrier sensing. s RSSI outputs are accurate with stable temperature characteristic and include buffer amplifiers. s High Speed RSSI Comparator for Carrier Sensing s HIgh Speed Data Comparator (~2 Mbps) s Wide Band Demodulator (~1 MHz) s Battery Save Function s Low Voltage Operation: 3.0 ~ 5.5 V s Very Small Package (TSSOP-24)
APPLICATIONS
s s s s Wide Band FSK Demodulation Wide Band FM Demodulation Video Signal Demodulation Wide Band ASK Demodulation
TK14551
IF DECOUPLE IF INPUT (-) 23 IF INPUT (+) 22 IF GND 21 BATTERY SAVE 20 RSSI COMP BIAS 19 RSSI OUTPUT-1 18 RSSI OUTPUT-2 17 RSSI BUFFERED OUTPUT-1 16 RSSI COMP OUTPUT 15 RSSI COMP GND 14 DATA COMP GND 13 DATA COMP OUTPUT
DESCRIPTION
The TK14551V is a wide band IF IC capable of operating up to 90 MHz. It includes an FM demodulator, RSSI, RSSI comparator and data comparator. These functions can perform high-speed operations. The TK14551V has a unique function that allows establishing the demodulation characteristics by changing the external RC time constant, and not changing the phase shifter constant. The RSSI output is individually trimmed, resulting in excellent accuracy, good linearity, and stable temperature characteristics. Because the TK14551V includes a dual high-speed RSSI output, it is possible to demodulate AM simply and to sense the carrier level at the same time. Therefore, the TK14551V is suitable for high-speed data communication and can be used for various applications. The TK14551V is available in the very small TSSOP-24 surface mount package.
IF DECOUPLE IF OUTPUT FM DEMODULATOR INPUT IF VCC GND VCC FM DEMODULATOR AMP INPUT FM DEMODULATOR AMP OUTPUT RSSI BUFFERED OUTPUT-2 DATA COMP INPUT (-) DATA COMP INPUT (+)
BLOCK DIAGRAM
RSSI BUFFERED OUTPUT-1 DATA COMP OUTPUT DATA COMP INPUT (+) Data Comparator
VCC
BUFF2
RSSI COMP OUTPUT
IF AMP
BIAS
RSSI RSSI Comparator
ORDERING INFORMATION
Demodulator
TK14551V
IF DECOUPLE IF DECOUPLE IF OUTPUT FM DEMODULATOR INPUT
VCC
GND
FM DEMODULATOR AMP OUTPUT
FM DEMODULATOR AMP INPUT
TAPE/REEL CODE
TL: Tape Left
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
RSSI BUFFERED OUTPUT-2
DATA COMP INPUT (-)
IF VCC
VCC
Tape/Reel Code
DATA COMP GND
RSSI COMP BIAS
RSSI COMP GND
RSSI OUTPUT-1
RSSI OUTPUT-2
BATTERY SAVE
IF INPUT (+)
IF INPUT (-)
IF GND
Page 1
TK14551V
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Supply Voltage ........................................................... 6 V Operating Voltage Range .............................. 3.0 to 5.5 V Power Dissipation (Note 1) ................................ 230 mW Storage Temperature Range ................... -55 to +150 C Operating Temperature Range ...................-40 to +85 C Operating Frequency Range ............ 0.1 to 90 MHz (typ.)
TK14551V ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Test conditions: VCC = 3 V, TA = 25 C, unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS Battery Save = OFF, Not including comparator output current. ICC Supply Current Battery Save = ON, Not including comparator output current. Battery Save On Battery Save Off Voltage at Pin 21 for standby mode Voltage at Pin 21 for operation mode A1 0.1 5.0 A MEASUREMENT POINT (NOTE 2) MIN TYP MAX UNITS
A1
6
10
15
mA
VSON VSOFF
-0.1 2.0
0.2 VCC
VDC VDC
FM DEMODULATION (fIN = 10.7 MHz) Limit VOUT(DET) THD S/N Limiting Sensitivity Demodulation Output Voltage Distortion Signal to Noise Ratio Remove capacitor between Pin 8 and Pin 9. Standard measured value at 1 kHz -3 dB Point, 1 kHz 100 kHz dev VA VA 1 kHz 100kHz dev, -20 dBm input VA VA 55 60 -65 100 0.5 65 -59 160 2.0 dBm mVrms % dB
fDB1
Demodulating Frequency Band
VA
1
1.5
MHz
Note 1: Power dissipation is 230 mW in free air. Derate at 1.84 mW/C for operation above 25C. Note 2: Refer to Test Circuit.
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January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK14551V
TK14551V ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Test conditions: VCC = 3 V, TA = 25 C, unless otherwise specified.
SYMBOL PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MEASUREMENT POINT (NOTE 2) MIN TYP MAX UNITS
RSSI OUTPUT (fIN = 40 MHz) No input, DC measurement -60 dBm nonmodulated input, DC measurement VRSSI RSSI Output Voltage -30 dBm nonmodulated input, DC measurement 0 dBm nonmodulated input, DC measurement AM Demodulating Output Voltage fm = 2 MHz (sine wave), modulation = 80%, -40 dBm input -60 ~ -15 dBm input, fm = 2 MHz (sine wave), modulation = 80% -6 dB point, modulation = 80%, Standard measured value at 100 kHz. VC 0.00 0.10 0.30 VDC
VC
0.30
0.45
0.60
VDC
VC
0.70
0.95
1.20
VDC
VC
1.05
1.35
1.65
VDC
VOAM
VB
140
230
360
mVP-P
VDAM
AM Demodulating Output Voltage Deflection
VB
1.5
3
dB
fDB2
Demodulating Frequency Band
VB
2
3
MHz
RSSI COMPARATOR TR1 TF1 tPD1 tPD2 DR1 ISINK1 Rise Time Fall Time Propagation Delay Time (Low to High) Propagation Delay Time (High to Low) Duty Ratio Output Sink Current Output Voltage High Level IF no input, Pin 19 Input = 1 VDC, Pin 20 Input = 100 kHz, 0.1 VP-P, Square Wave (Duty Ratio = 50%, TR, TF < 10 ns), DC Offset = 1 VDC DC measurement, Output Saturation Voltage = 0.3 V DC measurement VD VD VD VD VD A2 45 3.5 25 15 55 55 50 5.0 50 30 110 110 55 ns ns ns ns % mA
VOUTH1
VD
2.70
2.95
3.00
VDC
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 3
TK14551V
TK14551V ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Test conditions: VCC = 3 V, TA = 25 C, unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MEASUREMENT POINT (NOTE 2) MIN TYP MAX UNITS
RSSI COMPARATOR (CONT.) VOUTL1 Output Voltage Low Level DC measurement, Output Sink Current = 5 mA VD 0.00 0.30 0.45 VDC
DATA COMPARATOR tPD3 Propagation Delay Time (Low to High) Propagation Delay Time (High to Low) Rise Time Fall Time Duty Ratio Output Sink Current Output Voltage High Level Output Voltage Low Level Input: DC Offset = 1 VDC, 2 MHz, 0.2 VP-P, Square Wave (Duty Ratio = 50%, TR, TF < 10 ns) Input: DC Offset = 1 VDC, 2 MHz, 0.2 VP-P, Sine Wave DC measurement, Output Saturation Voltage = 0.3 V DC measurement DC measurement, Output Sink Current = 5 mA VE 55 110 ns
tPD4 TR2 TF2 DR2 ISINK2
VE VE VE VE A3 45 3.5
55 25 15 50 5.0
110 50 30 55
ns ns ns % mA
VOUTH2
VE
2.70
2.95
3.00
VDC
VOUTL2
VE
0.00
0.30
0.45
VDC
RSSI BUFFER AMPLIFIER 2 IOUT ZOUT Output Current Output Impedance DC measurement DC measurement A4 VB 200 130 A
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January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK14551V
TEST CIRCUIT
PG1 100 kHz DC = 1.0 V PG1 100 mVP-P TR, TF < 10 ns 50 V4 = 1 V V5 = 1 V SW3 V3 = 0.9 V SW4
SW2 5.6 K V1 = 0.2 V SW1 V2 = 2.0 V SG1 50 2200 pF 2200 pF 51 100 pF 5.6 K VC CL1 10 pF 1k 1k CL2 10 pF 0.01 F 10 F
Comp VCC =3V
SW5 A2
VD A3
SW6 VE
~
V6 = 3V SG1 FM: 10.7 MHz 1 KHz 100 K dev AM: 40.0 MHz 2 MHz 80% mod
V7 = 3V
NOTE: CL1 and CL2 simulate probe capacitance and stray capacitance. VD and VE are measured with low capacitance FET probe (Sony Tektronix P6201).
1pF 2200 pF 2200 pF FM IF Coil T1: 836BH-0268 (TOKO) 0.01 F T1
0.01 F 0.01 F
22 K SW7
SW8
SW9
SW10
1000 pF
SG2 2 MHz 200mVP-P Sine Wave DC = 1.0 V 50 SG2
3K 1000 pF
0.01 F
2.2 K 10 F A1 VCC 47 F
VA
10 k VB A4 V8
3K
~
V11 = 0.5 V VCC = 3 V
V9 =1V
V10 = 0.9 V
Example of 40 MHz (= fIN) FM detection
56 k 1 pF 2.2 k 22 pF VCC A638AN-1346ETJ (TOKO)
1000 pF
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 5
TK14551V
TEST CIRCUIT (CONT.)
Measurement of Battery Save Function: Battery Save ON: SW1 = 0.2 V position Battery Save OFF: SW1 = 2 V position Measurement of Comparator: SW3 is closed only for the measurement of the RSSI comparator response characteristics and output sink current, supplying 1 VDC to Pin 19. PG1 is connected only for the measurement of the RSSI comparator response. Input the pulse wave to Pin 20, and measure the output wave (VD) of Pin 16. ISINK1 (RSSI Comparator Output Current): No IF input. SW2 = V3 position (supplying 0.9 V to Pin 20). SW3 = ON (supplying 1 V to Pin 19). SW5 = V6 position (supplying 3 V to Pin16). Measure the DC current to Pin 16 from V6. ISINK2 (Data Comparator Output Current): SW9 = V9 position(supplying 1 V Pin 11). SW10 = V10 position (supplying 0.9 V to Pin 12). SW6 = V7 position (supplying 3 V to Pin 13). Measure the DC current to Pin 13 from V7. Measurement of TR, TF, tPD (RSSI Comparator, Data Comparator): RSSI Comparator: No IF input. SW2 = PG1 position. SW3 = ON (supplying 1 V to Pin 19). SW5 = VD position. Measure the output wave (VD). Data Comparator: SW9 = 3 k position. SW10 = 3 k position. SW6 = VE position. Measure the output wave (VE). TR, TF: Measure the time between the 10% point and the 90% point of the output wave. tPD: Measure the time between the 50% point of the input wave and the 50% point of the output wave. Measurement of the Logarithmic Detection of RSSI Output: SW7 = OFF. SW8 = VB position. Input AM modulation signal SG1(fIN = 40 MHz, fm = 2 MHz, mod. = 80%, VIN = -60, -40, -15 dBm) to Pin 24. Measure the logarithmic detection output voltage of Pin 10. The AM demodulating output voltage deflection is standardizing the AM demodulating output voltage in the case of -40 dBm input, and calculated by the deflection by AM demodulating output voltage in the case of -60, -15 dBm input. The measurement of demodulating frequency band is standardizing the AM demodulating output voltage of Pin 10 in the case that VIN = -40 dBm, fIN = 40 MHz, fm = 100 kHz and 80% AM modulating output voltage at Pin 10, comparing it to the standard output voltage. Measurement of Output Current of RSSI Buffer Amplifier 2: SW7 = OFF. SW8 = V8 position. No IF input. SW4 = ON (supplying 1 V to Pin 18). Measure the DC current (A4) between V8 and Pin 10 in the case of V8 = 3 V, 0 V. Measurement of Output Impedance of RSSI Buffer Amplifier 2: No IF input. SW8 = VB position. SW4 = ON (supplying 1 V to Pin 18). At first, SW7 = OFF and measure the DC current (VB1) of Pin 10. Next, SW7 = ON and measure the DC current (VB8) of Pin 10. The output impedance (ZOUT) is calculated by the following: ZOUT () = 10 k * ((VB1 - VB2)/(VB2 - 0.5))
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January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK14551V
PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTION
PIN NO. 1 2 23 24 SYMBOL IF DECOUPLE IF DECOUPLE IF INPUT (+) IF INPUT (-) TERMINAL VOLTAGE 1.8 V 1.8 V 1.8 V
1.5 k 1.5 k
INTERNAL EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT
IF V CC
DESCRIPTION Pin 1,2: The terminal to connect the bypass capacitor of the IF limiter amplifier. Pin 23: IF Limiter Amplifier Non-inverting Input. Pin 24: IF Limiter Amplifier Inverting Input.
1.8 V
50 k 50 k
3
IF OUTPUT
2.0 V
IF VCC
IF Limiter Amplifier Output.
1k
4
IF DEMODULATOR INPUT
3.0 V
IF VCC
FM Detector Input. Connection for the phase shift circuit.
5
IF VCC
3.0 V
Power supply terminal of IF limiter amplifier, RSSI buffer amplifier-2 and FM detector GND Terminal Power supply terminal of RSSI buffer amplifier1, RSSI comparator, and data comparator
6 7
GND VCC
0V 3.0 V
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 7
TK14551V
PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTION (CONT.)
PIN NO. 8 SYMBOL FM DEMODULATOR AMP INPUT FM DEMODULATOR AMP OUTPUT
1.4 V
TERMINAL VOLTAGE 1.4 V
INTERNAL EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT
IF VCC
DESCRIPTION Pin 8: FM Detector Post Amplifier Input. Pin 9: FM Detector Post Amplifier Output.
9
1.4 V
10
RSSI BUFFERED OUTPUT-2
IF VCC
RSSI Buffer Amplifier-2 Output.
11
DATA COMP INPUT (-) DATA COMP INPUT (+)
IF VCC
Pin 11: Data Comparator Inverting Input. Pin 12: Data Comparator Non-inverting Input.
12
13
DATA COMP OUTPUT
IF VCC
Pin 13: Data Comparator Output. The output circuit is open collector. Pin 14: The terminal to terminate the data comparator output.
14
DATA COMP GND
0V
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January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK14551V
PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTION (CONT.)
PIN NO. 15 SYMBOL RSSI COMP GND TERMINAL VOLTAGE 0V
IF VCC
INTERNAL EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT
DESCRIPTION Pin 15: The terminal to terminate the RSSI comparator output. Pin 16: RSSI Comparator Output. The output circuit is open collector.
16
RSSI COMP OUTPUT
17
RSSI BUFFERED OUTPUT-1
IF VCC
RSSI Buffer Amplifier-1 Output.
18 19
RSSI OUTPUT-2 RSSI OUTPUT-1
VCC
IF VCC
Pin 18, 19: RSSI Output. These terminals are current outputs, converted to a voltage by connecting the external resistor between the output terminals and GND.
20
RSSI COMP BIAS
IF VCC
RSSI Comparator Non-inverting Input. Supply the reference voltage.
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 9
TK14551V
PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTION (CONT.)
PIN NO. 21 SYMBOL BATTERY SAVE TERMINAL VOLTAGE VBS
100 k
INTERNAL EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT
DESCRIPTION Battery Save Control.
100 k
Battery Save OFF: VBS = 1.5 V to VCC Battery Save ON: VBS < 0.3 V
22
IF GND
0V
GND Terminal
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January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK14551V
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
TA = 25 C, unless otherwise specified.
FM DEMODULATION S+N, N, THD, AM OUT (fin = 10.7 MHz) 20 0 VCC = 3 V
S+N, N, AM OUT (dBV)
FM DEMODULATION S+N, N, THD, AM OUT (fin = 40 MHz) 20 0 VCC = 3 V
S+N, N, AM OUT (dBV)
-20 -40 -60 -80
fin = 10.7 MHz fm = 1 kHz dev. = 100 kHz
S+N
16
THD (%)
-20 -40
fin = 40 MHz fm = 1 kHz dev. = 100 kHz
S+N
16 12
AM OUT (30% mod.)
12
AM OUT (30% mod.)
8 4 0
-60 -80
THD N
8 4 0 -40 -20 0 20
N THD
-100 -120 -100 -80 -60
-40 -20
0
20
-100 -120 -100 -80 -60
IF INPUT LEVEL (dBm)
IF INPUT LEVEL (dBm)
RSSI BUFFER OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. IF INPUT LEVEL (FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS)
RSSI BUFFER OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. IF INPUT LEVEL (VCC CHARACTERISTICS) RSSI BUFFER OUTPUT 1 (VDC) fin = 40 MHz 1.6 1.2 0.8 0.4 0.0 -120 -100 -80 -60 -40
VCC 5.5 V 5.0 V 4.0 V 3.0 V
RSSI BUFFER OUTPUT 1 (VDC)
2.0
2.0 VCC = 3 V 1.6 1.2 0.8 0.4 0.0 -120 -100 -80 -60 -40
fin 40 MHz 70 MHz 90 MHz
-20
0
20
-20
0
20
IF INPUT LEVEL (dBm) LOGARITHMIC DETECTION AM DEMODULATION VOLTAGE VS. IF INPUT LEVEL RSSI BUFFER OUTPUT 2 (mVP-P) VCC = 3 V fin = 40 MHz fm = 2 MHz mod = 80% RSSI BUFFER OUTPUT 2 (mVP-P) 1000 500 300 100 50 30 10 -120 -100 -80 1000 500 300 100 50 30 10 10k
IF INPUT LEVEL (dBm)
LOGARITHMIC DETECTION AM DEMODULATION VOLTAGE VS. DEMODULATING FREQUENCY
VCC = 3 V fin = 40 MHz mod = 80%
-60 -40 -20
0
20
30k 100k 300k 1M
3M
10M
IF INPUT LEVEL (dBm)
MODULATING FREQUENCY fm (Hz)
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
THD (%)
Page 11
TK14551V
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)
TA = 25 C, unless otherwise specified.
IF LIMITING AMPLIFIER GAIN vs. INPUT FREQUENCY
IF LIMITING AMPLIFIER GAIN (dB)
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE 20
100 VCC = 3 V 80 ICC (mA) 60 40 20 0 1 3 5 10 30 50 100 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz)
16 12 8 4 0 2 3 4 5 6 VCC (VDC)
RSSI BUFFER OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. TEMPERATURE
RSSI BUFFER OUTPUT 1 (VDC)
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE 20 16 2.0
V
1.6 1.2
=3V CC fin = 40 MHz 0 dBm input
ICC (mA)
12 8 4 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 TEMPERATURE (C)
RSSI BUFFER OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. IF INPUT LEVEL (TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS) 2.0 VCC = 3 V fin = 40 MHz 1.6 1.2 0.8 0.4 0.0 -120 -100 -80 -60 -40
TEMP. (C) 85 50 25 0 -20 -40
-30 dBm input
0.8
-60 dBm input
0.4
-90 dBm input
0.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 TEMPERATURE (C)
LOGARITHMIC DETECTION AM DEMODULATION VOLTAGE, AM DEMODULATION OUTPUT vs. TEMPERATURE 400
AM DEMODULATING OUTPUT VOLTAGE (mVP-P) AM DEMODULATING OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEFLECTION(dB)
=3V CC fin = 40 MHz fm = 2 MHz mod. = 80% Vin = -40 dBm V
RSSI BUFFER OUTPUT 1 (VDC)
8
300
AM Demodulating Output Voltage
6
200
AM Demodulating Output Voltage Deflection
4
100
2
0
-20 0 20
0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 TEMPERATURE (C)
IF INPUT LEVEL (dBm)
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January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK14551V
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)
TA = 25 C, unless otherwise specified.
LOGARITHMIC DETECTION AM DEMODULATION VOLTAGE, AM DEMODULATION OUTPUT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE 400 8
FM DEMODULATION DEMODULATION OUTPUT VOLTAGE, TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION vs. TEMPERATURE 200 5
AM DEMODULATING OUTPUT VOLTAGE (mVP-P)
AM DEMODULATING OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEFLECTION (dB)
300
VOUT (mVrms)
AM Demodulating Output Voltage
6
=3V CC fin = 40 MHz fm = 2 MHz mod. = 80% Vin = -40 dBm V
160 120 80 40 0 -40 -20 0 20
VOUT
V =3V CC fin = 10.7 MHz fm = 1 kHz dev. = 100 kHz
4
200
4
2 1 0 40 60 80 TEMPERATURE (C)
100
AM Demodulating Output Voltage Deflection
2
THD
0 2 3 4 5 6 VCC (VDC) FM DEMODULATION S/N, -3 dB LIMITING SENSITIVITY vs. TEMPERATURE
=3V CC fin = 10.7 MHz fm = 1 kHz dev. = 100 kHz S/N V
0
-3 dB LIMITING SENSITIVITY (dBm)
80
-40
FM DEMODULATION DEMODULATION OUTPUT VOLTAGE, TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE 200 5 160
V =3V CC fin = 10.7 MHz fm = 1 kHz dev. = 100 kHz
70
-50
4
VOUT (mVrms)
S/N (dB)
60
-60
80 40
THD
2 1 0 2 3 4 5 6 VCC (VDC)
DATA COMPARATOR TRANSIENT RESPONSE (RISE)
50
-3 dB Limit. Sens.
-70
40 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 TEMPERATURE (C)
-80
0
FM DEMODULATION S/N, -3 dB LIMITING SENSITIVITY vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
-3 dB LIMITING SENSITIVITY (dBm)
80
70
S/N
=3V CC fin = 10.7 MHz fm = 1 kHz dev. = 100 kHz
V
-40
VCC = 3 V
OUT (1V/div)
-50
S/N (dB)
60
-60
50
-3 dB Limit. Sens.
-70
IN (0.1V/div)
40 2 3 4 5 6 VCC (VDC)
-80
20 ns/div
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
THD (%)
120
VOUT
3
THD (%)
3
Page 13
TK14551V
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)
TA = 25 C, unless otherwise specified.
DATA COMPARATOR TRANSIENT RESPONSE (FALL)
100
V CC =3V
DATA COMPARATOR OUTPUT DUTY RATIO vs. INPUT VOLTAGE VCC = 3 V fin = 2 MHz
80
OUT (1V/div)
DUTY (%)
IN (0.1V/div)
60 40 20 0 0 100 200 VIN (mVP-P) 300 400
20 ns/div
FM DEMODULATION FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS
S CURVE CHARACTERISTICS 2.0
V V =3V CC = -20 dBm
IN
VOUT (VDC)
1.6 RD = 1 k
1 pF RD
22 k
1.2
C VCC 836BH-0268 (TOKO)
RD = 2.2 k 0.8 9.9 10.3 10.7 11.1 11.5 IF INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz)
DEMODULATION OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. DEMODULTING FREQUENCY RD = 2.2 k 2
0 dB = 104.4 mVrms
DEMODULATION OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. DEMODULTING FREQUENCY RD = 1.0 k 2
0 dB = 30.7 mVrms
0 -2
VOUT (dB)
C = 330 pF C = 1000 pF
C = none
0 -2 VOUT (dB) -4 -6 -8
VCC = 3 V fin = 10.7 MHz dev. = 100 kHz C = 1000 pF C = 330 pF
C = none
-4 -6 -8 -10
VCC = 3 V fin = 10.7 MHz dev. = 100 kHz
C= 47 pF C= 10 pF
C= 10 pF C= 47 pF
-10 -12 1k
-12 1k
3k
10k
30k 100k 300k 1M
3k
10k
30k 100k 300k 1M
MODULATING FREQUENCY fm (Hz)
MODULATING FREQUENCY fm (Hz)
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January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK14551V
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)
TA = 25 C, unless otherwise specified. ASK Demodulation Output Wave, Effect of Inserting Active Filter Condition: VCC = 3 V, fin = 40 MHz, fm = 2 MHz (sine wave), mod. = 80%, VIN = -40 dBm Without Active Filter Test Circuit With Active Filter (fc = 3 MHz) Test Circuit
3k
1000 pF
10 pF 1k 3k 1000 pF
3k
3k 1k
33 pF
COMP VCC
10 pF COMP VCC
2.2 k
2.2 k 15 pF
RSSI Buffer Out 2 (0.1V/div)
RSSI Buffer Out 2 (0.1V/div)
Data Comparator Out (1V/div)
Data Comparator Out (1V/div)
0.2 s/div
0.2 s/div
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 15
TK14551V
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)
TA = 25 C, unless otherwise specified. RSSI Buffer Output (Pin 17) Transient Response (IF Input ON/OFF)
RSSI BUFFERED OUTPUT-1 C 5.6 k Condition VCC = 3 V fin = 40 MHz
* C = 100 pF
0 dBm input -30 dBm input -60 dBm input
RSSI BUFFERED OUTPUT-1 (0.5V/div) SG GATE PULSE (1V/div)
2 s/div
2 s/div
* C = 1000 pF
0 dBm input -30 dBm input -60 dBm input
RSSI BUFFERED OUTPUT-1 (0.5V/div)
SG GATE PULSE (1V/div)
5 s/div
5 s/div
* C = 0.01 F
0 dBm input -30 dBm input -60 dBm input
RSSI BUFFERED OUTPUT-1 (0.5V/div)
SG GATE PULSE (1V/div)
50 s/div
50 s/div
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January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK14551V
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)
TA = 25 C, unless otherwise specified. RSSI Buffer Output-1 (Pin 17) Transient Response (Battery Save ON
RSSI BUFFERED OUTPUT-1 C 5.6 k Condition VCC = 3 V fin = 40 MHz
OFF)
* C = 100 pF
0 dBm input -30 dBm input -60 dBm input
RSSI BUFFERED OUTPUT-1 (0.5V/div)
Battery Save (1V/div)
2 s/div
* C = 1000 pF
0 dBm input -30 dBm input -60 dBm input
RSSI BUFFERED OUTPUT-1 (0.5V/div)
Battery Save (1V/div)
5 s/div
* C = 0.01 F
0 dBm input -30 dBm input -60 dBm input
RSSI BUFFERED OUTPUT-1 (0.5V/div)
Battery Save (1V/div)
50 s/div
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 17
TK14551V
APPLICATION NOTES
If the input is FM or FSK modulation, whether the IF input is a balanced or an unbalanced input, there is no problem. But, if the input is ASK modulation and the IF input is a balanced input, the Bit Error Rate (BER) may be high. Therefore, if the input is ASK modulation, the IF input must be an unbalanced input. If the input is an unbalanced input as shown below, do not terminate Pin 1 (do not connect the bypass capacitor between Pin 1 and GND). If Pin 23 is the input do not terminate Pin 2.
do not terminate
1.5 k
50 k
50
1.5 k
50 k
~
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January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK14551V
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
IF Limiter Amplifier: The IF limiter amplifier is composed of four differential gain stages. The total gain of the IF limiter amplifier is about 64 dB. The output signal of the IF limiter amplifier is provided at Pin 3 through the emitter-follower output stage. The IF limiter amplifier output level is 0.5 VP-P. The operating current of the IF limiter amplifier emitter-follower output is 550 A. If the capacitive load is heavy, the negative half cycle of the output waveform may be distorted. This distortion can be reduced by connecting an external resistor between Pin 3 and GND to increase the operating current. The increased operating current by using an external resistor is calculated as follows (see Figure 1):
VCC
IF OUTPUT Re Ie
550 A
FIGURE 1
The increased operating current Ie (mA) = (VCC - 1.0)/Re (k). Because the IF input is a balanced input, it is easy to match a SAW filter, etc. If the IF input is an unbalanced input, connect Pin 23 or 24 with a bypass capacitor to ground. The input resistance of the IF limiter amplifier is 1.5 k (see Figure 2). If the impedance of the filter is lower than 1.5 k, connect an external resistor between Pin 24 and Pin 2 or between Pin 23 and Pin 1 in parallel to provide the equivalent load impedance of the filter. Figure 2 shows an example of a filter with a 330 impedance.
23, 24
330
1.5 K
1, 2
FIGURE 2
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 19
TK14551V
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The input impedance of the IF limiter amplifier (between Pin 23, 24 and GND) is as follows:
FREQUENCY (MHz) 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
S11 |S11| 0.932 0.928 0.930 0.939 0.933 0.926 0.920 0.916 -3.4 -4.2 -5.2 -7.6 -8.0 -8.3 -9.2 -10.0
Zin [ ] (series impedance) 831-j701 683-j667 538-j672 294-j613 285-j574 287-j537 255-j490 230-j450
+ j50 + j150 + j25 + j100 + j100 + j75 + j10 + j50 + j250
+ j200
+ j300 + j500
0
10
25
50
100
250 S11
0
175
250
400
850 S11 30 MHz
magnified
- j250 - j50 - j75 - j100
- j10
100 MHz - j500 - j150 - j200 - j300
- j25 - j50
- j100
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January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK14551V
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
RSSI, RSSI Buffer Amplifier: Because the RSSI output of this product is a dual output, it has various uses. Because it includes a dual high-speed RSSI output, it is possible to sense the carrier level and to demodulate AM at the same time. The RSSI output is a current output. It converts to a voltage by an external resistor between Pin 28,19 and GND. The time constant of the RSSI output is determined by the product of the external converting resistor and parallel capacitor. When the time constant is longer, the RSSI output is more immune to disturbances or the component of amplitude modulation, but the RSSI output response is lower. Determine the external resistor and capacitor with this in mind. It is possible to modify the slope of the RSSI curve characteristic by changing the external resistor. In this case, the maximum range of converted RSSI output voltage is GND level to about VCC - 0.2 V (the supply voltage minus the collector saturation voltage of the output transistor). In addition, it is possible to modify the temperature characteristic of the RSSI output voltage by changing the temperature characteristic of the external resistor. Normally, the temperature characteristic of the RSSI output voltage is very stable when using a carbon resistor or metal film resistor with a temperature characteristic of 0 to 200 ppm/ C. This product is very accurate, because the RSSI characteristic is trimmed individually. Both systems of RSSI output are connected to individual buffer amplifiers with an internal gain of 1. Therefore, even if the load impedance is heavy, it is possible to take out the RSSI output signal from the buffer amplifier output. The maximum input and output level of this buffer amplifier is VCC - 1.0 V.
VCC
OUTPUT CURRENT
18, 19
RSSI- OUT
Current-to-Voltage Transformation Resistor
FIGURE 3 - RSSI OUTPUT STAGE AM Demodulation by Using the RSSI Output: Although the distortion of the RSSI output is high because it is a logarithmic detection of the envelope to the IF input, AM can be demodulated simply by using the RSSI output. In this case, the input dynamic range that can demodulate AM is the inside of the linear portion of the RSSI curve characteristic (see Figure 4). This method does not have a feedback loop to control the gain because an AGC amplifier is not necessary (unlike the popularly used AM demodulation method). Therefore, it is a very useful application for some uses because it doesn't have the response time problem.
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
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TK14551V
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
Figure 4 shows the AM demodulated waveform.
RSSI-OUT (V)
Operating Condition: VCC = 3 V, fin = 40 MHz, fm = 2 MHz, Mod = 80%, VIN = -40 dBm 50 mV/div 0.2 s/div
AM can be demodulated inside of linear range
RF INPUT - LEVEL (dBu)
FIGURE 4 -AM DEMODULATED WAVEFORM
If it is necessary to improve the distortion of the AM demodulated waveform of logarithmic detection, connect a low pass filter to the RSSI buffer amplifier output. Figure 5 shows the AM demodulated waveform with a low pass filter inserted.
TEST CIRCUIT
Operating Condition: VCC = 3 V, fin = 40 MHz, fm = 2 MHz, Mod = 80%, VIN = -40 dBm 50 mV/div 0.2 s/div
2.2 k
3k
C
3k 1k
33 pF
10 pF COMP VCC
2.2 k 15 pF
fc = 3 MHz
FIGURE 5
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January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK14551V
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
FM Detector: The FM detector is included in the quadrature FM detector using a Gilbert multiplier. It is suitable for high speed data communication because the demodulation bandwidth is over 1 MHz. The phase shifter is connected between Pin 3 (IF limiter output) and Pin 4 (input detector). Any available phase shifter can be used: a LC resonance circuit, a ceramic discriminator, a delay line, etc. Figure 6 shows the internal equivalent circuit of the detector.
VCC
VCC
VCC
QA
QB
multiplier core circuit
FIGURE 6 - DETECTOR INTERNAL EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT The signal from the phase shifter is applied to the multiplier (in the dotted line) through emitter-follower stage QA. When the phase shifter is connected between pin 3 and pin 4, note that the bias voltage to pin 4 should be provided from an external source because pin 4 is only connected to the base of QA. Because the base of QB (at the opposite side) is connected with the supply voltage, Pin 4 has to be biased with the equivalent voltage. Using an LC resonance circuit is not a problem (see Figure 7). However, when using a ceramic discriminator, it is necessary to pay attention to bias. If there is a difference of the base voltages, the DC voltages of the multiplier do not balance. It alters the DC zero point or worsens the distortion of demodulation output. The Pin 4 input level should be saturated at the multiplier; if this level is lower, it is easy to disperse the modulation output. Therefore, to have stable operation, Pin 4 should be higher than 100 mVP-P. The following figures show examples of the phase shifter.
Rz is the characteristic impedance
VCC VCC VCC
Rz Rz Delay Line
LC resonance circuit
ceramic discriminator
delay line
FIGURE 7 - EXAMPLES OF PHASE SHIFTERS
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
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TK14551V
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
Establishing Demodulation Characteristics: Generally, demodulation characteristics of FM detectors are determined by the external phase shifter. However, this product has a unique function which can optionally establish the demodulation characteristics by the time constant of the circuit parts after demodulation. The following explains this concept. Figure 8 shows the internal equivalent circuit of the detector output stage. The multiplier output current of the detector is converted to a voltage by the internal OP AMP. The characteristic of this stage is determined by converting the current to voltage with resistor R0 and the capacitor C0 connected between Pin 8 and Pin 9 (see Figure 8). In other words, the slope of the S-curve characteristic can be established optionally with resistor R0 without changing the constant of the phase shifter. The demodulated bandwidth can be established optionally by the time constant of this external resistor R0 and capacitor C0 inside of a bandwidth of the IF-filter and phase shifter. Figure 9 shows an example of this characteristic.
Vref
I to V convertor
The -3 dB frequency Fc is calculated by the following: Fc = 1 2 C0R0
io Demodulated Output Current R0 Demodulated Output Voltage VOUT C0
The S-curve output voltage is calculated by the following as centering around the internal reference voltage Vref: VOUT = Vref io X R0 Where Vref = 1.4 V, maximum of current io = 100 A
FIGURE 8 - INTERNAL EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT OF DETECTOR OUTPUT STAGE
2
0 dB = 30.7 mVrms
0 -2
VOUT (dB)
C = 330 pF C = 1000 pF
C = none
-4 -6 -8 -10
VCC = 3 V fin = 10.7 MHz dev. = 100 kHz
C= 10 pF C= 47 pF
Operating Condition: Measured by the standard test circuit. Parallel resistor to phase shift coil = 1 k. fIN = 10.7 MHz, modulation = 100 kHz. External capacitance C0 = 0 ~ 1000 pF.
-12 1k
3k
10k
30k 100k 300k 1M
MODULATING FREQUENCY fm (Hz)
FIGURE 9 - EXAMPLE: BAND WIDTH OF DEMODULATION VS. TIME CONSTANT CHARACTERISTIC Page 24 January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK14551V
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
Center Voltage of Detector DC Output: The center voltage of the detector DC output is determined by the internal reference voltage source. It is impossible to change this internal reference voltage source, but it is possible to change the center voltage by the following method. As illustrated in Figure 10, the demodulated output current at Pin 8 is converted to the voltage by an external resistor R1, without using the internal OP AMP. Figure 11 shows an example of a simple circuit that divides the supply voltage into halves using resistors. Since both circuits have a high output impedance, an external buffer amplifier should be connected.
Vref I to V convertor
Demodulated Output Voltage
io Demodulated Output Current
VOUT = VB R1 x io Fc = 1 2 C1(1/gm)
Demodulated Bandwidth
VB
R1
C1
Demodulated Output Voltage VOUT
1/gm is approximately 50 k which is the output resistance of the multiplier. Pin 9 is disconnected.
FIGURE 10 - EXAMPLE OF USING EXTERNAL REFERENCE SOURCE
VCC R1 Demodulated Output Voltage VOUT
Demodulated Output Voltage Demodulated Bandwidth
VOUT = VCC/ 2 R1 x io Fc = 1 2 C1(1/gm)
R2
C1
1/gm is approximately 50 k, which is the output resistance of the multiplier. Pin 9 is disconnected.
FIGURE 11 - EXAMPLE OF DIVIDING SUPPLY VOLTAGE INTO HALVES BY RESISTORS
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
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TK14551V
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
RSSI Comparator, Data Comparator: The TK14551V contains a general purpose high speed data comparator and RSSI comparator for the base band processing. Because the input stage is composed of PNP transistors, it is possible to operate from a minimum voltage of 0.1 V to the supply voltage - 1.0 V (see Figure 12). Moreover, since the HFE of this PNP transistor is over 100, the bias current is below 0.01 A (this is below the value of the competitors products which typically use a lateral PNP transistor at the input stage).
INPUT STAGE
FIGURE 12 - COMPARATOR INPUT STAGE Figure 13 shows the internal equivalent circuit of the comparator output stage. Because the comparator output is an open collector, it is suitable for many interface levels. This open collector output is connected with an electrostatic discharge protection diode at the GND side only; it is not connected with it at the power supply side in consideration of operating the voltage over the supply voltage of this IC. When the collector pull-up resistor value is low, high operating currents result. To prevent interference to the other circuitry, the emitters of the output transistors are brought out independently at Pins 14 and 15. Pins 14 and 15 are not connected with the substrate and other GNDs internal to the IC. Therefore, when operating these comparators, these terminals must be connected to GND. When these comparators are operating at high speed, the etch pattern of Pins 13, 14, 15, and 16 (comparator output stages) should not be run close to the etch pattern of Pins 23 and 24 (IF inputs). The switching waveforms of the comparator outputs may have an effect on the IF inputs and may add noise to the zero crossing of the demodulated waveform, resulting in cross over distortion.
VCC
13, 16
VCC
COMPARATOR OUTPUT STAGE
14, 15
FIGURE 13 - COMPARATOR OUTPUT STAGE Because the negative input of the RSSI comparator is connected to the RSSI buffer amplifier output-1 internally, it is used for carrier sensing. The data comparator is used for the data shaper. Page 26 January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK14551V
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
Battery Save Function: Pin 21 is the control terminal for the battery save function. The ON/OFF operation of the whole IC can be switched by controlling the DC voltage at this terminal. Figure 14 shows the internal equivalent circuit of Pin 21. Because it switches the bias circuit of the whole IC using the transistor in standby mode, it reduces the supply current to near zero. As the input terminal is connected with an electrostatic discharge protection diode at GND side only, it is possible to control the voltage above the supply voltage. It is possible to go into standby mode by disconnecting Pin 21, but it is not recommended because Pin 21 is a high impedance and may malfunction from an external disturbance. When Pin 21 is disconnected, a suitable capacitor should be connected between Pin 21 and GND.
VCC
BIAS
50 K 21 Vs
FIGURE 14 - BATTERY SAVE
Application of ASK(Amplitude Shift Keying) Demodulation: Figure 15 shows an example application of ASK demodulation. If the application circuit is like Figure 15, the transient response time is long because of the time constant of the rectifier (Pin 12) of the data comparator input. On the other hand, if the circuit construction between the RSSI buffer amplifier output-2 (Pin 10) and the data comparator input is Figure 16, the transient response time is shortened. Since the demodulation is a logarithmic detection using the RSSI output, the demodulated wave of the RSSI buffer amplifier output-2 is distorted making the duty ratio of the data comparator output worse. The output duty ratio may be improved by adding the offset DC voltage (Vs) to the DC voltage of Pin 11 of the data comparator input. Vs is established at a few tens of mV. But, as the demodulation level of the RSSI buffer amplifier output-2 is changed by the dispersion, it is best to control Vs by a variable resistor, etc. It is possible to substitute the variable resistor for Vs.
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 27
TK14551V
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
0.01 F Comp VCC =3V
B.S. = 1.5 V SG1 50 5.6 K 2200 pF 2200 pF 51 5.6 K 100 pF
1k
1k
10 F
~
IF AMP
BIAS
RSSI
VCC
VCC 330 pF
2200 pF 2200 pF
0.01 F 0.01 F
3K
3K
0.01 F 0.01 F 10 F
47 F
VCC = 3 V
FIGURE 15
0.01 F
Comp VCC =3V
B.S. = 1.5 V SG1 50 5.6 K 2200 pF 2200 pF 51 5.6 K 100 pF
1k
1k
10 F
~
IF AMP
BIAS
RSSI
VCC
VCC
2200 pF 2200 pF
0.01 F 0.01 F
VCC 100 pF 100 K 0.01 F 10 F Vs
VCC 100 K
0.01 F
47 F
VCC = 3 V
FIGURE 16 Page 28 January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK14551V
TEST BOARD
L1
C1= 2200 pF, C2 = 10 F, C3 = 0.01 F, C4 = 1 pF, C5 = 1000 pF, C6 = 100 pF R1 = 50 , R2 = 2.2 k, R3 = 22 k, R4 = 1 k, R5 = 5.6 k L1 = 10 H, L2 = 836BH-0268 (TOKO)
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 29
TK14551V
NOTES
Page 30
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
TK14551V
NOTES
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Page 31
TK14551V
PACKAGE OUTLINE
Marking Information
TK14551V
0.35
TSSOP-24
14551
Marking 24 13 4.8
AAAAA YYY
4.4 e 0.65
1.0
Recommended Mount Pad
1 Lot. No.
12
1.2 max
0.9
0.50
0 ~ 10
7.8
0 ~ 0.15
e 0.65 0.25 -0.15
+0.15
0.1 6.4 0.12 M
+ 0.3
Dimensions are shown in millimeters Tolerance: x.x = 0.2 mm (unless otherwise specified)
Toko America, Inc. Headquarters 1250 Feehanville Drive, Mount Prospect, Illinois 60056 Tel: (847) 297-0070 Fax: (847) 699-7864
TOKO AMERICA REGIONAL OFFICES
Midwest Regional Office Toko America, Inc. 1250 Feehanville Drive Mount Prospect, IL 60056 Tel: (847) 297-0070 Fax: (847) 699-7864 Western Regional Office Toko America, Inc. 2480 North First Street , Suite 260 San Jose, CA 95131 Tel: (408) 432-8281 Fax: (408) 943-9790 Eastern Regional Office Toko America, Inc. 107 Mill Plain Road Danbury, CT 06811 Tel: (203) 748-6871 Fax: (203) 797-1223 Semiconductor Technical Support Toko Design Center 4755 Forge Road Colorado Springs, CO 80907 Tel: (719) 528-2200 Fax: (719) 528-2375
Visit our Internet site at http://www.tokoam.com
The information furnished by TOKO, Inc. is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, TOKO reserves the right to make changes or improvements in the design, specification or manufacture of its products without further notice. TOKO does not assume any liability arising from the application or use of any product or circuit described herein, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from the use of its products. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of TOKO, Inc.
Page 32
(c) 1999 Toko, Inc. All Rights Reserved IC-119-TK119xx 0798O0.0K
0.15
+0.15 -0.15
January 2000 TOKO, Inc.
Printed in the USA

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